Nutrition Tips for COPD: Spotlight on Sodium
Sodium is an essential mineral that has many important jobs in the body. It helps regulate blood pressure, transmit nerve signals, and maintain an appropriate balance of water. Sodium is often eaten in the form of sodium chloride, or salt. However, too much sodium may pose a problem for people with COPD.
In This Article
Reasons to Limit Sodium
There are a few reasons why limiting sodium in your diet may be important:
If you have high blood pressure or pulmonary hypertension.
Excessive dietary sodium can increase blood pressure, which can weaken the heart and blood vessels and increase the risk of developing heart disease and kidney disease.
If you are prone to fluid retention.
If you are taking a diuretic or “water pill” to manage fluid retention, practicing a low sodium diet is essential. Sodium attracts water, and retaining too much fluid can worsen shortness of breath.
If you are taking a steroid, such as Prednisone.
Steroid therapy may contribute to fluid retention and unwanted weight gain. Reducing dietary sodium can help avoid this.
Common Sources of Dietary Sodium
Common sources of dietary sodium include:
- Canned foods and soup
- Condiments such as ketchup, mustard, barbeque sauce, and salad dressing
- Cured and processed meats, including bacon, sausage, salami, bologna, and hot dogs
- Deli meats such as turkey, ham, and roast beef
- Garlic salt, onion salt, celery salt, and seasoned salt blends
- Salted snack foods including chips, nuts, and crackers
- Restaurant meals and fast food meals
Tips to Limit Sodium
- Read Nutrition Facts labels on packaged foods and select brands with the least amount of sodium. Try to choose items with less than 200 milligrams of sodium per serving.
- Look for canned and packaged foods with the words “Low Sodium” or “No Salt Added” on the label.
- Purchase plain, unseasoned food when available, such as fresh or frozen fruits and vegetables, unmarinated meats and fish, and dried beans and grains.
- Season food with herbs, spices, pepper, vinegar, lemon, and lime for flavor without added salt. Go easy on condiments, sauces, and gravies.
- Prepare more meals at home rather than relying on restaurant meals, takeout, and fast food.